Parasite Detection

Parasite is a pathogen, such as a single-celled organism (protozoa) or worm, that survives by parasitizing other organisms (hosts).

Worm Parasite (Helminth)	Ascaris lumbricoides Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm) Ancylostoma duodenale Necator americanus (hookworm) Trichinella spiralis	Trichuris trichiura (Trichocephalus trichiuris; whipworm) Taenia Solium (pork tapeworm) Taenia saginata (Taeniarhynchus saginatus) Paragonimus westermani Schistosoma
Protozoa	Entamoeba histolytica Leishmania Trypanosoma	Trichomonas vaginalis Plasmodium Cryptosporidium (crypto)

Parasite Detection

Parasitic diseases are widely distributed and can be seen all over the world, but they are mostly found in poor and backward areas with poor sanitation. Parasitic diseases not only endanger the health of the general public, but also affect the development of animal husbandry. Therefore, accurate detection of parasites is particularly important.

Etiological Detection

Direct Observation	Egg Floatation
Thin blood film method Thick blood film method Tissue sampling examination 0.9% sodium chloride solution direct smear method Direct smear staining method Thick smear method	Saturated sodium chloride solution flotation method Zinc sulfate centrifugal flotation method Sucrose centrifugal flotation method Zinc chloride solution flotation method
Egg Concentration Methods	Larval Hatching
Gravity precipitation method Aldehyde ether precipitation method Iodine aldehyde liquid centrifugal precipitation method	Mircaria hatching method Conventional submerged hatching method Cotton-separated miracidia hatching method Hookworm culture method

Immunological Detection

Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Assay (LFIA)
LFIA uses strip-shaped fiber chromatography material as the reaction matrix, and the sample solution moves on the chromatography strip through capillary force, combines with the corresponding antibody, produces a highly specific immune response, and is enriched in the detection area (detection zone), a detection method that forms bands with visible results, and is widely used in the field of parasite detection.
Immunofluorescence Detection
Immunofluorescence detection is a detection method that combines immunological techniques and fluorescent staining methods, including indirect immunofluorescence (IFA), direct immunofluorescence (DFA), time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay (TRFIA) and complement method. Fluorescein-labeled fluorescent antibodies or antigens are used as probes to form antigen-antibody complexes combined with corresponding antigens or antibodies in tissue or cell specimens, which can be observed with the naked eye under a fluorescence microscope.
Immunosensor Technology
Biosensors convert biochemical signals into electrical signals with the help of immobilized biorecognition molecules and energy converters, which can achieve the purpose of direct detection. Compared with traditional immunodetection methods, it has higher accuracy and sensitivity, and is simple to operate and easy to popularize. In recent years, immunogens technology has been widely used in clinical diagnosis and parasite laboratory diagnosis.
Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay
The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is a classic detection method. Its basic principle is to adsorb a known antigen or antibody on the surface of a solid phase carrier, so that the enzyme-labeled antigen-antibody reaction is carried out on the surface of the solid phase, and then the excess free in the liquid phase is released. Ingredients wash off. Commonly used ELISA assays include double antibody sandwich method and indirect method.

Molecular Biology Detection

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Technology
Initially used as a detection method for parasitic pathogens, to a tool for further research on various molecular markers of parasites, now a simpler and easier nucleic acid detection method has been developed, which can simultaneously find new targets for treatment and detection. PCR technology has been the basis for the development of parasitology in recent decades.
Isothermal Amplification Technology
Isothermal amplification technology has been widely used in virology, parasitology and other fields. Currently, the more commonly used isothermal amplification techniques include loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), nucleotide sequence-dependent amplification (NASBA) and ligase chain reaction (LCR).
CRISPR-Cas-based Detection Technology
Biosensing technology based on CRISPR-Cas system, due to its high specificity and high sensitivity, can also be used for parasite detection. More recently, CRISPR technology has been used to detect Plasmodium in malaria, and the method can detect all species of Plasmodium known to cause malaria in humans.

Our Services

Utilizing the DeteCas^TM platform based on the CRISPR-Cas system, CD BioSciences can provide various services in parasite detection, such as DNA detection service and RNA detection service. If you are interested in these services, please contact us.

References

Chalmers, R.M., et al. Parasite detection in food: Current status and future needs for validation. Trends in Food Science & Technology. 2020, 99.
Zhu, Z.W., et al. Application progress of loop-mediated isothermal amplification technology in the detection of parasites. Tropical Diseases and Parasitology. 2020, 18(4): 6.

For research use only. Not intended for any clinical use.